LOW “C” TENOR / “D” TENOR

The tenor is the highest pitched instrument, and plays mostly melody lines, sometimes riffs and fills. The musical range is typically from C4 (middle C) up to E6. Skirt length is typically between 6” and 8”.

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DOUBLE TENOR

Its function is to play the harmony to the melody, or even the melody an octave lower depending on the taste of the arranger. Two note harmonizing of slower melodic lines is not uncommon. Musical range is from F3 to B5. Enquire about extended range instruments. Typical skirt length is 7” to 8”.

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DOUBLE SECONDS

Traditionally, the seconds played quick rhythmic patterns as strums, but nowadays they double the lead lines an octave lower, and play wider interval harmonies based primarily on chord tones. Extended range instruments are available here as well. The standard is from F#3 up to C#6.

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DOUBLE GUITAR

Called the workhorse of the steel orchestra because they mostly carry the chords throughout the entire musical arrangement, they have been known to join in when the lower voiced instruments (cellos, etc) take solos as well. The typical musical range of guitars is C#3 up to G#4.

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CELLOS

Just like the cellos of a string ensemble, those of the steel orchestra have a lower voiced register. They play their own counter melodies usually based upon riffs outlining chord tones and / or sometimes strum chord tones as well. They even play bass solos in their own higher register. Cellos come in Triple (three drums as shown in picture) and Four Pan variations. There is also some variation in the note layouts (different patterns). A typical range is from Bb2 or B2 up to Bb4 using a diminished chord pattern on each drum.
There is an instrument using four (4) drums which has a larger extended range than the typical four cello, and it is called a Quadraphonic. In T&T its musical use (in arrangements) is far different since the tone is not unlike that of a low double tenor. The skirt length is usually between 10 and 13 inches. Whereas the typical skirt length of a cello is between 14” and 19”, depending upon the drum quality and tone color desired.

TRIPLE CELLOS

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FOUR PAN CELLOS

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BASSES

This section of instruments allow melodic and harmonic lines to be played with emphasis on the root of the chord. Basses establish the groove / style of the music together with the “rhythm Section”. Typically there are Tenor-Basses consisting of four (4) drums ranged from F2 up to C4. together with Six Basses with a musical range of Bb1 up to Eb3. There are seven (7) and nine (9) bass variations in use as well.

TENOR BASS

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SIX BASS

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